WiFi from A-Z

Introduction and Fundamentals

Course Description

IEEE 802.11 Architecture Overview
IEEE 802.11 Specification ABC
IEEE 802.11 Protocol Stack Architecture
Physical Layer Overview
- TDD operation in an IEEE 802.11 Network
- Current IEEE 802.11 Physical Layer Access Technologies
- Frequency Bands being used for IEEE 802.11 Standards
Lessons Learned / Conclusions

General PLCP Burst
FHSS Physical Layer
- FHSS PLCP Burst
- GFSK Modulatio
- FHSS Signal Processing Chain
IR Physical Layer
- IR PLCP Burst
DSSS Physical Layer
- DSSS PLCP Burst
- DBPSK and DQPSK Modulation
- DSSS Signal Processing Chain
OFDM Physical Layer
- Introduction OFDM Technology
  - Impact of Orthogonality in the Frequency Domain – 3 Steps
  - Practical Exercise: Physical Basics of OFDM
  - OFDM and IFFT
  - Using different Modulation Schemes on Different Subcarriers
  - Tackling Inter-Symbol Interference (ISI)
  - Introduction
  - Cyclic Prefix or Guard Interval
- OFDM PLCP Burst
  - Normal OFDM Symbol
  - Long OFDM Sync Symbol
  - Short OFDM Sync Symbol
- Modulation and Data Rates of the OFDM Physical Layer
- OFDM Signal Processing Chain
  - Modulation Schemes for OFDM
  - OFDM Convolutional Encoder
  - OFDM Physical Layer Puncturin
HS-DSSS Physical Layer
- HS-DSSS PLCP Burst
- CCK Modulation
- Details of CCK
- PBCC Signal Processing Chain
DSSS-OFDM Hybrid Physical Layer
- DSSS-OFDM PLCP Burst
- ERP-PBCC Processing Enhancements
Agility
Lessons Learned / Conclusions

Basic MAC Functions
- Overview
- MAC Frames
  - Generic MAC Frame (Data Frame)
  - Details of the Frame Control Field
  - Control Frame Subtypes
  - Management Frame Subtypes
  - Data Frame Subtypes
  - Usage of the Address Fields in Data Frames
  - Data Frame Body
- Fragmentation of MSDU's
- MAC Access Coordination Functions
- MAC Procedures
  - Timing governing the Access: SIFS, PIFS, and DIFS
  - EIFS and AIFS
  - Scanning and Attachment Procedure
  - Coexistence of PCF and DCF
  - DCF- Sensing Procedures
  - DCA & Random Back off Procedure
  - DCF & Transmission of Fragments
  - Contention Free Period Procedures – Example 1
  - Contention Free Period Procedures – Example 2
  - Power Saving Procedure in the CP
  - Power Saving Procedure in CFP
- Control Frames
  - RTS Frame
  - CTS + ACK Frame
  - PS-Poll Frame
  - CF-End (+ACK) Frame
Additional MAC Functions for later Standard Versions
- Overview
- DFS
- TPC
- Action Frames
- Qos
  - User Priorities
  - Contents of the QoS Control Field
- Block Ack
  - Overview Ack Policies
  - Immediate Block Ack Procedure
  - Delayed Block Ack Procedure
  - Block ACK Request Frame
  - Block ACK Frame
- EDCA & HCCA
  - Changes Introduced by EDCA
  - Changes Introduced by HCCA
  - Coexistence of DCF, PCF, and HCF
  - EDCA Procedure
  - HCCA Procedures – Example 1
  - HCCA Procedures – Example 2
  - Termination of the HCCA Procedure
Lessons Learned / Conclusions

Security Challenges
Overview Security
Security Technologies in and over IEEE 802.11
- Overview
- Pre-RSNA Procedures
  - Open System Authentication
  - Shared Key Authentication
  - The “Wired Equivalent Privacy” Procedure
- RSNA Procedures
  - RSNA Policy Selection
  - Key Hierarchy – How to Create the TK's
  - Types of Security Association
  - RSNA Encryption and Integrity Protection Protocols
  - The TKIP Encryption and Integrity Protection Procedure
  - The CCMP Encryption and Integrity Protection Procedure
- Advanced Authentication
  - Authentication and Key Generation with an Authentication Server
  - Essentials on the IEEE 802.1x Protocol
  - EAP Derivatives
- Secure Session
  - Phases of a Session
  - Session Phase 1: Probing & Association
  - Session Phase 2: EAP Authentication
  - Session Phase 3: Generation of IEEE 802.11 Keys
  - Session Phase 4 & 5: Active Session & Disassociation
- Accessing External Resources using the VPN Approach
- Security Association in the Roaming Case
Lessons Learned / Conclusions

New and Coming IEEE 802.11 Standards
IEEE 802.11 and Bluetooth coexistence
WLAN's Accessing a Mobile Radio Network Core
- I-WLAN Direct IP-Access
- Details of I-WLAN 3GPP IP-Access
- Details of GAN/UMAN-Access
- MIP in Wireless Standards
IEEE 802.11n
- Practical Exercise: Scaling of OFDM / OFDMA-Systems
- Key Changes in IEEE 802.11n
- HT PPDU's
- Smart Antenna Technology in IEEE 802.11
  - Categorization of Smart Antenna Technologies
  - The Basics: Signal Fading Physics between TX and RX
  - Multipath Diversity
  - The Transmission Diversity Problem
  - The Wrong Way to Implement TX Diversity
  - Beamforming
  - Beamforming in IEEE 802.11
  - Practical Exercise: Draw the Antenna Diagram of Beamforming
  - CSD
  - STBC
  - MIMO
  - Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO)
  - MIMO General Operation
  - MIMO Details
  - Motivation of MIMO combined with Beamforming
  - Multiple Rank Beamforming Procedure
- How to Calculate the Data Rate of HT
- Signal Processing Chain for the HT-SIGNAL Field
- Signal Processing Chain for the HT-SERVICE and HT-data Fields
- The optional LDPC encoder
Lessons Learned / Conclusions

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